sovtendsСовременные тенденции в строительстве, градостроительстве и планировке территорийModern Trends in Construction, Urban and Territorial Planning2949-1835Don State Technical University10.23947/2949-1835-2025-4-1-41-53TWGDIAsovtends-153Research ArticleСтроительные материалы и изделияBuilding materials and productsКонтракционная усадка бетонов из высокоподвижных и самоуплотняющихся смесейAutogenous Shrinkage of Concretes from Highly Mobile and Self-Compacting Mixtureshttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4153-1046НесветаевГ. В.NesvetaevG. V.

Несветаев Григорий Васильевич, доктор технических наук, профессор кафедры технологии строительного производства

344003,г. Ростовна-Дону, пл. Гагарина, 1

Scopus ID: 57194440967

Grigory V. Nesvetaev, Dr.Sci. (Eng.) Professor of the Department of Construction Production Technology

1 Gagarin Square, Rostov-on-Don, 344003

nesgrin@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2341-9811КоряноваЮ. И.KoryanovaYu. I.

Корянова Юлия Игоревна, кандидат технических наук, доцент кафедры технологии строительного производства

344003,г. Ростовна-Дону, пл. Гагарина, 1

Scopus ID: 57196034514

 

Yulia I. Koryanova, Cand.Sci. (Eng.), Associate Professor of the Department of Construction Production Technology

1 Gagarin Square, Rostov-on-Don, 344003

Scopus ID: 57196034514

https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6335-0606ШутьВ. В.ShutV. V.

Шуть Владимир Валерьевич, магистрант 

344003,г. Ростовна-Дону, пл. Гагарина, 1

Vladimir V. Shut, Master's student

1 Gagarin Square, Rostov-on-Don, 344003

don-com-ru@mail.ruДонской государственный технический университетРоссияDon State Technical UniversityRussian Federation202531032025414153Copyright © Несветаев Г.В., Корянова Ю.И., Шуть В.В., 20252025Несветаев Г.В., Корянова Ю.И., Шуть В.В.Nesvetaev G.V., Koryanova Y.I., Shut V.V.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.stsg-donstu.ru/jour/article/view/153Введение

Введение. Выявлено влияние особенностей химико-минералогического состава портландцементов и химической основы суперпластифиуаторов на величину и кинетику аутогенной (контракционной) усадки бетонов из высокоподвижных и самоуплотняющихся бетонных смесей. Актуальность вопроса обусловлена часто игнорируемой ролью аутогенной усадки в формировании поля температурно-усадочных напряжений в ранний период твердения массивных монолитных конструкций. Для расчета собственных напряжений требуются данные о величине и кинетике аутогенной усадки, а недостаточность и некоторая противоречивость данных о влиянии суперпластифицирующих добавок на величину и кинетику аутогенной усадки в зависимости от вещественного состава цемента и химико-минералогического состава клинкера предопределяют целесообразность получения новых данных по данному вопросу. Цель работы состоит в развитии научных представлений о влиянии рецептурных факторов и свойств материалов на количественные и качественные параметры аутогенной усадки на примере широко применяемыми при производстве монолитных железобетонных конструкций в Ростовской области материалов.

Материалы и методы

Материалы и методы. Экспериментальные исследования выполнены с использованием шести быстротвердеющих по классификации ГОСТ 31108-2020 портландцементов четырех производителей. Использованы суперпластифицирующие добавки на основе эфиров поликарбоксилатов и нафталинформальдегидов в дозировке 0,5 % по товарному продукту. Свойства цементов определены по ГОСТ 30744-2001 и ГОСТ 310.5-88. Деформации твердеющего цементного теста (камня) определялись по методу Ле-Шателье. Величина аутогенной усадки бетона определялась расчетным методом по величине аутогенной усадки цемента с учетом истинного значения В/Ц бетона и концентрации заполнителя в бетоне.

Результаты исследования

Результаты исследования. Соотношение «аутогенная усадка/общая контракция» исследованных цементов с добавками в возрасте 5 сут. составило 0,37–0,74, количественные значения общей контракции исследованных цементов в сочетании с добавками в возрасте 5 сут. составили от 2,93 до 3,43 мл/100 г цемента, что не противоречат известным данным. Изменение величины аутогенной усадки при наличии добавок в возрасте 5 сут. составило от 0,64 до 1,65 относительно бездобавочного эталона. Влияние добавок на кинетику аутогенной усадки проявилось как в ускорении либо замедлении, так и в отсутствии влияния. Расчетная величина аутогенной усадки бетонов классов В25–В35 из высокоподвижных и самоуплотняющихся смесей в возрасте 5 сут. составила от 0,36 до 1,18 мм/м.

Обсуждение и заключение

Обсуждение и заключение. Развиты научные представления о кинетике аутогенной усадки в зависимости от вида цементов и добавок. Для описания изменения аутогенной усадки во времени предложена формула, подобная формуле EN 1992-1-1 изменения прочности бетона во времени. Предложена классификация бетонов по кинетике аутогенной усадки. Уточнены закономерности изменения величины аутогенной усадки бетонов из высокоподвижных и самоуплотняющихся бетонных смесей с учетом влияния состава и свойств цементов в сочетании с некоторыми суперпластифицирующими добавками. Определено наиболее вероятное значение показателя показателя степени d = 1,6 – 1,8 в известной формуле для расчета аутогенной усадки бетона.

Introduction

Introduction. The influence of the chemical and mineralogical composition of Portland cements and the chemical base of superplasticizers on the magnitude and kinetics of autogenic (contractional) shrinkage of concretes from highly mobile and self-compacting concrete mixtures has been revealed. The relevance of the issue is due to the commonly overlooked role of autogenic shrinkage in the formation of the field of temperature-shrinkage stresses in the early hardening period of massive monolithic structures. In order to calculate intrinsic stresses, data on the magnitude and kinetics of autogenic shrinkage are required, and the insufficiency and some inconsistency of data on the effect of superplasticizing additives on the magnitude and kinetics of autogenic shrinkage, depending on the material composition of cement and the chemical and mineralogical composition of clinker, are critical to the expediency of obtaining new data on the issue. The objective of the work is to develop scientific ideas about the influence of prescription factors and material properties on the quantitative and qualitative parameters of autogenic shrinkage using the example of materials commonly used in the production of monolithic reinforced concrete structures in the Rostov region.

Materials and methods

Materials and methods. Experimental studies were conducted using six Portland cements from four manufacturers that are fast-hardening according to GOST 31108-2020 classification. Superplasticizing additives based on polycarboxylate esters and naphthalene formaldehydes in a dosage of 0.5% of the commercial product were employed. The properties of cements are identified according to GOST 30744-2001 and GOST 310.5-88. Deformations of the hardening cement paste (stone) were determined by means of the Le Chatelier method. The amount of autogenic shrinkage of concrete was determined by the calculation method based on the amount of autogenic shrinkage of cement, taking into account the true value of the I/C of concrete and the concentration of aggregate in concrete.

Results

Results. The ratio of "autogenic shrinkage/total contraction" of the investigated cements with additives at the age of 5 days was 0.37–0.74, the quantitative values of the total contraction of the studied cements in combination with additives at the age of 5 days ranged from 2.93 to 3.43 ml/100 g of cement, which does not contradict the available data. Change in the amount of autogenic shrinkage in the presence of additives at the age of 5 days was from 0.64 to 1.65 relative to the nonadditive standard. The effect of additives on the kinetics of autogenic shrinkage was manifested both in acceleration or deceleration, and in the absence of any effect. The calculated value of autogenic shrinkage of concretes of classes B25–B35 from highly mobile and self-sealing mixtures at the age of 5 days ranged from 0.36 to 1.18 mm/m.

Discussion and Conclusion. Scientific ideas about the kinetics of autogenic shrinkage have been developed depending on the type of cements and additives. In order to describe the change in autogenic shrinkage over time, a formula similar to the formula EN 1992-1-1 for the change in concrete strength over time is set forth. The classification of concretes according to the kinetics of autogenic shrinkage is suggested. The patterns of changes in the amount of autogenic shrinkage of concretes from highly mobile and self-compacting 

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.