Digital Approach to Lifecycle Management of a Low-Rise Capital Construction Facility with Heat and Air Exchange

Introduction. The relevance of using applying air-source heat pumps (ASHPs) in Russia’s moderately cold climate conditions is restrained by a sharp decline in their efficiency at low outdoor air temperatures. The aim of this study is to present a digital approach to lifecycle management of low-rise capital construction facilities based on a combined heat pump system with optimized heat and air exchange.

Materials and Methods. A technical solution is set forth incorporating a patented mixing chamber installed in the boiler room to supply an air mixture with a calculated temperature gradient to the ASHP evaporator. The system is integrated with a cross-stream supply and exhaust ventilation (efficiency of 40–60%) and controlled by a digital module based on a microprocessor and PWM regulator. Mathematical modeling of streams was performed using the Bernoulli and continuity equations. For monitoring and automatic control, a set of temperature and pressure sensors was employed to ensure adaptive operation of the compressor, fans, and backup electric boiler.

Research Results. Experimental data have confirmed that the joint operation of the ASHPs with a heat recuperator and mixing chamber allows maintaining a high coefficient of performance (COP) of the system. It was found that the threshold of economic feasibility remains at an outdoor air temperatures of down to –15°C and heat carrier temperatures of +30…+45 °C. The developed digital control algorithm optimizes the ratio of outdoor to recirculating air minimizing heat losses and electrical loads.

Discussion and Conclusion. Implementation of the suggested digital modular and functional control scheme ensures rational heat and air exchange, reduces the size and cost of engineering utilities, and enhances the energy efficiency of low-rise buildings. The developed solution can be scaled for a broad range of climatic conditions nationwide contributing to resource conservation and extension of the lifecycle of capital construction facilities. 

1. Fedosov SV, Fedoseev VN, Voronov VA Functional and Structural Analysis of the Freon Circuit of an Air Heat Pump. Construction Materials. 2025;12:65–72. (In Russ.) http://doi.org/10.31659/0585-430X-2025-842-12-65-72

2. Skolubovich YuL, Anpilov SM, Dobrovolsky DA, Erofeev VT, Leonovich SN, Mailyan LR, Rimshin VI, Sorochaykin AN Ways to Extend the Life Cycle of Buildings with Wooden Floors. News of Higher Educational Institutions. Construction. 2024;789:88–103. (In Russ.) http://doi.org/10.32683/0536-1052-2024-789-9-88-103

3. Rimshin VI, Ketso ES, Esipov SM, Merkulov SI Factors Determination Influencing the Commercial Building Life Cycle. The Eurasian Scientific Journal. 2023;15(6):56SAVN623. (In Russ.) URL: https://esj.today/PDF/56SAVN623.pdf (accessed: 17.05.2026)

4. Lapidus AA, Krasnovsky BM, Murtazaev SAYu, Aliev SA Methodology for Organizing Construction of Comprehensive Territorial Development to Ensure Resource and Logistical Coordination. Construction Production. 2025;1:3–7. (In Russ.) http://doi.org/10.54950/26585340_2025_1_3

5. Telichenko VI, Lapidus AA, Slesarev MYu, Ali MM Methods for Managing the Life Cycle of Capital Construction Objects Considering the Impact of Environmental and Other Types of Risks. Construction: Science and Education. 2024;14(2):166–177. (In Russ.) http://doi.org/10.22227/][-5502.2024.2.166-177

6. Mailyan LR, Shilov PA Technology of Making Fiber Concrete with Aggregated Oriented Fiber Reinforcement and the Analysis of its Characteristics. Expert: Theory and Practice. 2023;(2):53–59. (In Russ.) http://doi.org/10.51608/26867818_2023_2_53

7. Manzilevskaya SE, Evtushenko AI, Mailyan DR Green Roofs in Infill Development to Improve the Environmental Safety of Urban Areas. Safety of Technogenic and Natural Systems. 2025;(2):136–145. (In Russ.) http://doi.org/10.23947/2541-9129-2025-9-2-136-145

8. Dai B, Liu C, Liu S, Dabiao W, Wang Q, Zou T et al. Life Cycle Techno-Enviro-Economic Assessment of DualTemperature Evaporation Transcritical CO2 High-Temperature Heat Pump Systems for Industrial Waste Heat Recovery. Applied Thermal Engineering. 2023;219:119570. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2022.119570

9. Wang B, Geng L, Dang P, Zhang L Developing a Framework for Dynamic Organizational Resilience Analysis in Prefabricated Construction Projects: A Project Life Cycle Perspective. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management. 2022;148(10):04022111. http://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)CO.1943-7862.0002381

10. Waqar A, Othman I, Hayat S, Radu D, Khan M, Galatanu T et al. Building Information Modeling-Empowering Construction Projects with End-to-End Life Cycle Management. Buildings. 2023;13(8):2041. http://doi.org/10.3390/buildings13082041

11. Gamage I, Senaratne S, Perera S, Xiaohua J Implementing Circular Economy throughout the Construction Project Life Cycle: A Review on Potential Practices and Relationships. Buildings. 2024;14(3):653. http://doi.org/10.3390/buildings14030653

12. Homthong S, Moungnoi W, Charoenngam C Whole Life Critical Factors Influencing Construction Project Performance for Different Objectives: Evidence from Thailand. Buildings. 2024;14(4):999. http://doi.org/10.3390/buildings14040999

13. Famiglietti J, Acconito L, Arpagaus C, Toppi T Environmental Life Cycle Assessment of Industrial High-Temperature to Residential Small-Size Heat Pumps: A Critical Review. Energy Conversion and Management: X. 2025;26:100947. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.100947

14. Zhang S, Liu S, Shen Y, Shukla A, Mazhar A, Chen T Critical Review of Solar-Assisted Air Source Heat Pump in China. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 2024;193:114291. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2024.114291

15. Fedosov SV, Fedoseev VN, Emelin VA, Voronov VA, Sviridov IA Mixing Chamber. Patent RF, No. 2024109295. 2024.