Introduction. Ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) combines high strength and crack resistance with low permeability, making it ideal for structures operating under aggressive environmental conditions and high loads. The growing use of UHPC in construction makes necessary the development of scientifically grounded methods for designing structures made with this material. The aim of this study is to develop engineering methods for calculating the shear strength of UHPC I-beams using statistical learning techniques. The models were based on extensive datasets, including both the authors' own experimental results and data from other researchers.
Materials and Methods. Artificial neural networks (ANNs) and regression analysis methods were used to develop the models. The tasks were implemented using the STATISTICA software package.
Results. Nonlinear expressions were developed for engineering calculations, allowing for the determination of the shear strength of UHPC-beams accounting for the shear span and structural parameters, including section geometry, UHPC strength characteristics, and fiber and shear reinforcement ratios. The proposed formulas reduce the discrepancy between theoretical and experimental data by up to 2.4 times compared to calculation by methods adopted in codes. The formulas are applicable to beams unreinforced in shear as well as those with fiber and shear reinforcement.
Discussion and Conclusion. The results confirm the applicability of regression models and ANNs for calculating the shear strength of UHPC beams, particularly in cases where traditional analytical solutions are difficult to formalize. The reliability of the developed models is supported by statistical analysis, including verification of regression equation adequacy and comparison with existing code-based methods.

Introduction. In order to ensure seismic resistance and reduce seismic loads, during the reconstruction of the cultural heritage site, a spatial calculation of the supporting structures of the cinema and variety hall was performed. This article analyzes the structural system, the calculation and dynamic model taking into account the main and special combinations of loads.
Materials and Methods. The calculations were carried out using the analytical method and the finite element method in the STARK ES software package.
Results. For the purpose of reconstructing the building of the cultural heritage site, the results of dynamic calculation were obtained for the main and special combinations of loads and corresponding combinations of internal forces in the calculated structures of the cinema and variety hall. In this case, only 25 loadings were used.
Discussion and Conclusion. The results of the calculation of the cinema building showed that the required load-bearing capacity of the building of a cultural heritage site is ensured in the considered design situation.

Introduction. The authors make use of Performance-Based Plastic Design (PBPD) method that is commonly employed overseas for calculations and design of building structures in seismic hot spots. A pre-selected target drift and yield mechanisms is used as the key performance objectives. In this research, reinforced concrete special moment frames (RC SMF) were analyzed for high-rise concrete structures perceiving seismic loads.
Materials and Methods. Two designs were considered in the analysis, one according to ACI-318/ASCE-07, and the other according to PBPD. RC SMF was also combined with pile caps and piles foundation system to provide a soil-pile-structure interaction (SPSI) model. Nonlinear lateral load-transfer from the foundation to the soil is modeled using p-y curves for soft clay soil that was considered in this study.
Results. Numerical results obtained using soil-pile- structure interaction model conditions were compared to those corresponding to fixed-base support conditions, such as fundamental time period, structural capacity, story displacement and story drift. Frames designed using PBPD were less affected by SPSI, in spite of having greater values in general than frames designed following the standards (codes).
Discussion and Conclusions. The PBPD method as a direct design method where the drift control and the selection of yield mechanism are initially assumed in the design work, proved that it is an effective method to reach a better performance for reinforced concrete moment resisting frames with fixed base support.

Introduction. The article deals with the problems of increasing the efficiency of precast concrete production technology in order to solve the issue of ensuring the required indicators of construction and technical properties of products at existing enterprises of the construction industry with no additional investment costs for their reconstruction and technical re-equipment. The aim of the work of increasing the efficiency of the production of precast reinforced concrete products is to optimize the parameters of the processes of preparing the concrete mixture as well as heat and humidity treatment of manufactured products by means of developing a two-stage method of preparing the concrete mixture and introducing a step-by-step mode into heat and humidity treatment.
Materials and Methods. The article provides a brief description of the substantive aspects of optimizing the parameters of technological operations for the preparation of concrete mixtures as well as heat and moisture treatment of precast reinforced concrete products using the example of the production of PB-type bar bridges. The manufacturing of precast reinforced concrete products using local aggregates with a high content of dusty clay particles, which determines an increase in cement consumption, is accepted as the basic object of the research.
Research Results. The proposed technology for optimizing the production modes of precast reinforced concrete makes it possible to reduce the consumption of cement and superplasticizer additives at the existing enterprises of the construction industry with no additional material and investment costs for reconstruction and technical re-equipment while using local aggregates with a high content of dusty clay particles.
Discussion and Conclusion. The application of the set of measures being developed improves the conditions for defect–free structuring of concrete and makes it possible to reduce the consumption of the most costly components of the concrete mixture, i.e., cement and the chemical additive superplasticizer. Optimization of the precast concrete production technology ensures the directed structuring of concrete and the achievement of standardized product quality indicators. In each specific case of optimizing technological solutions at each specific enterprise, it is a prerequisite to adjust the prescription and technological solutions put forward in the study. An additional effect of the implementation of the technological techniques developed in the study will be an increase in the indicators of the ecological state of the environment and a reduction in the cost of enriching local aggregates.

Introduction. The justified use of mineral raw materials from construction waste for the preparation of vibro-compacted concrete mixtures is economically beneficial and environmentally efficient, however, the effect of aggregates from scrap concrete on the rheological characteristics of fine-grained self-compacting mixtures and the structure of hardened concrete has not been sufficiently studied. The aim of this work is to study the factors influencing the effectiveness of fine–grained self-compacting concrete with crushed concrete sand.
Materials and Methods. To determine the effectiveness of the compositions of fine-grained self-compacting concretes, mixtures of equal workability of the PK1 grade were prepared on Portland cement CEM0 52.5N. Sand from crushed concrete was introduced into the fine natural sand of local quarries as a reinforcing component. Polyplast PC, a polycarboxylate superplasticizer, was used to give the mixtures the required fluidity and self–compacting properties. The evaluation of the grain composition of the fine aggregate was carried out by changing the grain size modulus in accordance with the standard methodology. Rheological and technological characteristics of self-sealing concrete mixtures were established according to the methods of GOST R 59715-2022. Crack resistance of fine-grained self-compacting concrete was assessed by a coefficient reflecting the ratio of strength characteristics of concrete.
Results. Throughout the course of the research, it was found that, provided a highly stable concrete mixture is obtained, the optimal structure of fine-grained concrete is achieved with a content of 30% crushed concrete grains in the fine aggregate and a dosage of polycarboxylate superplasticizer Polyplast PC – 1%.
Discussion and Conclusion. The technical efficiency of fine-grained self-compacting concrete using coarsening sand grains from crushed concrete is substantiated. By optimizing the formulation factors of fine-grained concrete with aggregate from construction waste and using vibration-free technology of monolithic reinforced concrete structures made of self-compacting mixtures, an economic effect is ensured.

Introduction. Concrete mix compaction is one of the most pressing topics in modern construction. Vibration compaction is a key method used to ensure uniform distribution of concrete mix components and removal of air voids. The process of manufacturing reinforced concrete products is complex and labor-intensive and requires significant responsibility and attention. The quality of compaction of mixtures affects the physical and mechanical properties of molded products, including strength, water resistance, frost resistance and other important parameters. A correctly compacted mix ensures uniformity of properties of finished products, accuracy of geometric shapes and good quality of its front surface. The aim of this article is to study the existing works of the authors and identify the development area in the method of assessing the density of concrete mixture during molding with the possible development of the device necessary for this.
Materials and methods. Concrete mix was chosen as the object of the study. Control of concrete vibration compaction parameters requires careful planning, taking into account the type of mix, the shape of the structure and quality requirements. This section covers the development of a fundamentally new device “Shar-1”.
Research results. The results of the development of a device for measuring the density of concrete mixture have been successfully proved experimentally. The device makes it possible to evaluate the compaction of the mixture during the forming process, recording data in real time and allowing further analyses of the concrete mixture compaction process. This helps to improve the quality control of concrete mixtures at the stage of moulding, which is important for improving the reliability and durability of concrete structures. The use of “Shar-1” simplifies and speeds up the testing process, reducing the influence of subjective factors and increasing the objectivity of measurements.
Discussion and Conclusion. The section focuses on the difference between traditional research on control of concrete mixture compaction and with the use of the device “Shar-1”, which allows to measure the density of concrete mixture in the process of moulding. The method allows to quickly obtain data on density, timely correct the technology if necessary. It is planned to improve the device with additional functions in the future.

Introduction. Improved visualization is one of the results of the implementation of information modeling technology. Information modeling technology was mainly used by designers when developing a digital 3D model of an object. 4D modeling combines the organizational and technological sequence of works in the project with a parametric digital 3D model of the object under construction. 4D modeling can potentially contribute to the effective implementation of the project, but data on the scale of 4D implementation are limited, there is no empirical data in practice on the possibilities and problems of using this technology. The purpose of the study is to study the state of implementation of 4D modeling, the advantages of use, the main problems that hinder effective implementation, as well as incentives for implementation in the construction sector.
Materials and Methods. The article used a qualitative analysis of the functionality of 4D modeling to form a questionnaire for a survey among specialists in the construction industry. Based on the analysis of the array of data obtained, a statistical analysis was carried out to identify key problems and incentives for the implementation of 4D modeling in the activities of construction organizations.
Results. The main reasons for the insufficient implementation of 4D modeling technology in construction organizations are identified along with high awareness of the benefits of use. Critical problems that hinder the implementation of this technology are identified, as well as key factors that can stimulate the implementation of investment and construction projects using 4D modeling.
Discussion and Conclusion. The results of the study provide a basis for theoretical analysis to solve the problems of implementing 4D modeling in the construction industry. The study uses the theory of sustainable development and the theory of the full life cycle as a theoretical basis, combines qualitative and quantitative research methods, and conducts an in-depth study of various factors that affect the management of investment and construction projects using 4D modeling technology.

Introduction. Environmental development issues have become acutely relevant of late. Therefore eco-architecture is taking centre stage. By using sustainable design concepts and eco-friendly materials, eco-architecture reduces dependence on natural resources, as well as energy consumption and waste emissions, thus effectively decreasing the burden on the environment. Hence not only is eco-architecture an essential area of sustainable urban development, but also provides one with a practical way of designing a more harmonious and high-quality living environment. The aim of the study is to identify the principles of eco-architecture and assess its impact on the sustainable development of the urban environment. The impact of eco-architecture on the entire construction cycle of buildings and structures from the moment of construction to the demolition of the building is examined, and the ways of sustainable development of urban architecture are identified.
Materials and Methods. Ways of sustainable development of eco-architecture in the modern world are analyzed. Various negative impacts such as air and water pollution, noise, landscape and ecosystem disturbance occur during the construction and operation of buildings. To minimise these impacts, it is necessary to develop environmental protection measures and take environmental aspects into account at all stages of design and construction.
Research Results. The study assessed the sustainability of the development of eco-architecture according on the analysis of the life cycle of the building, accounting for the environmental impact at the stages of design, construction, use and demolition of the construction site.
Discussion and Conclusion. The sustainability assessment of eco-architecture is based on the analysis of the building's life cycle, accounting for the environmental impact at all the stages: from design and construction to use and demolition. A comprehensive analysis of the resource consumption and environmental load of the building at different stages would enable one to assess sustainability more accurately. As digital technologies are evolving, the use of intelligent buildings and the Internet of Things (IoT) will enable data to be monitored and analyzed in real time. This will improve the sustainability management of buildings during the operational phase by providing data support in order to optimize resource efficiency.

Introduction. Construction industry is currently in need of resource-saving technology that allows dismantling of coatings during reconstruction and demolition of buildings with maximum preservation of the integrity of reinforced concrete ribbed slabs for them to be possibly reused for their intended purpose, thereby not only preventing environmental pollution with construction waste, but also saving energy, labor and material resources for their disposal, as well as for reproduction of slabs.
Materials and Methods. While developing resource-saving technology, a set of methods and means for solving each of the tasks was used, including:
– visual inspection of reinforced concrete ribbed slabs during dismantling of the supporting deck of the roof in order to identify their suitability for them to be reused for their intended purpose;
– identification of the parameters of the equipment required in order to release seams and joints between slabs from mortar and concrete based on a study of the factors affecting the filling of seams and joints;
– identification of the parameters of special grips and devices for lifting ribbed slabs with damaged slinging loops using physical and computer models.
Results. As a result of the research, a new resource-saving technology for dismantling the load-bearing flooring of reinforced concrete ribbed slabs was proposed which is based on the methods developed by the authors:
- mechanical removal of the material filling the seams and joints between the slabs and the established parameters of the necessary equipment;
- release of the slabs from the existing connections with the rafter beams and cover trusses; 
- testing of the remaining slinging loops of the slabs;
- slinging of slabs with damaged slinging loops with specially designed load-gripping devices.
Discussion and Conclusions. The new resource-saving technology allows dismantling the load-bearing reinforced concrete decking without additional damage to the slabs with them possibly being reused with a minimum amount of waste, saving labor and material resources, significantly reducing energy costs that would be required for the disposal of reinforcement waste and crushing concrete. 

Introduction. Strategic planning is important for effectiveness of investment and construction projects. Complexity of solving problems increases with growth of variables in calculations and constraints. For effective planning of construction sites, many factors need to be taken into account, such as spatial constraints and distances between objects. To solve such problems, it is possible to use a mathematical machine learning model – a genetic algorithm (GA) to optimize the placement of objects on a construction site. The aim of this study is to improve the accuracy and flexibility of solutions in the organization of the construction site, reduce complexity of calculations and minimize the amount of data.
Materials and Methods. The realization of this goal is possible by introducing the Systematic layout planning (SLP) method into the planning process to optimize space on construction sites. To confirm the effectiveness of optimizing the location of objects, the SLP method was applied in the organization of planning the construction site of an administrative building. The planning took into account the stages of work, the required economic facilities, data on safety and environmental safety of the construction site. The use of the Dynamo plugin for analysis made it possible to adjust the location of objects taking into account the utilization factor of the territory.
Research Results. As a result of the modeling of the construction site plan, it was found that using the SLP method, the process is adapted, taking into account the location of objects according to the established values of the relationship matrix using automation and color coding to simplify analysis. Flexibility in making informed decisions is important for designers, given the safety and intensity of the workflow. The SLP method reduces distances through optimization of logistics, optimizes the location of objects on the construction site, taking into account restrictions. This hybrid approach increases the efficiency of implementing machine learning models in the design process of building master plans of facilities. The integration of the genetic algorithm and BIM technologies into the construction site organization process helps to optimize solutions based on optimal distances, improves the visualization of decisions and problem correction.
Discussion and Conclusions. The results of the study contribute to decision-making efficiently and quickly, minimizing the time required for analysis compared to some other approaches. The result of the research is the creation of a system that is not only flexible and adaptable, but also overcomes the limitations typical of previous methods. The use of machine learning technologies to predict optimal design decisions and automate the establishment of key relationships can significantly reduce the need for manual data entry, thereby simplifying and speeding up development processes. Adding new examples of diverse plans and spatial constraints will strengthen the foundations of the concept and enrich its application in a variety of investment and construction projects.

Introduction. The study seeks to form a structured classification of green roofs essential for systematic development of
practices of green architecture and natural urbanism in Russian development. The lack of a holistic approach to typologizing such solutions causes difficulties in designing and implementing environmentally oriented technologies. The system developed by the author covers four major characteristics and a set of sub-elements, which allows for a comprehensive description and differentiation of various types of green roofs. Such a classification can serve as an effective tool for
specialists engaged in the field of design, construction and landscaping.
Materials and Methods. In order to look into the topic, a set of theoretical studies has been conducted. Regulatory documents, including GOST and SNiP, as well as international standards LEED and BREEAM, were examined. The works of specialists, practical examples and publications in specialized sources were also analyzed. The study describes an analysis algorithm: the investigation of constructive solutions, environmental characteristics, principles of design and operation. Green roofs are roofing structures with vegetation. Depending on their purpose, they are divided into exploited (for recreation and activities) and non-exploited (environmental functions). The construction of green roofs is regulated by such standards as GOST R 58875-2020, GOST R 54964-2012 and GOST R 58709-2019. These documents define the types of green roofs, requirements for materials, structures, and indoor climate.
Research Results. Throughout the course of the research, a typology was developed includg extensive, intensive and semi-extensive roofs, as well as classifications according to operational, structural, social and environmental criteria. Examples of implementation in international and Russian practice are provided. The classification allows one to account for the human use, placement and level of landscaping of roofs, offering a comprehensive description system.
Discussion and Conclusion. The introduction of green roof standards represents a totally new approach to building lifecycle management, including not only construction, but also environmental improvement, energy conservation, and quality of life, which is a lengthy and controversial process requring time for analysis and adaptation. They contribute to energy efficiency, thermoregulation, improved microclimate, extended roof life, and the creation of new recreational areas. The concept of green roofs is a synthesis of architecture, ecology and technology that can ensure the sustainable development of cities and improve the quality of life. The ultimate aim of this study is to offer a universal tool for typological analysis of green roofs which can be applied domestically to improve the effectiveness of urban planning solutions and sustainable urban environment development.